HashSetは少々驚きの実装となっている。Set<E>の要素を保持するコレクションが,HashMap<E, Object>型のインスタンス変数mapになっている。すなわち,Setと言いつつも,中身はHashMapなのである。MapのKeyだけを利用してぶSetにみせかけているということだ。
- HashSet()
- HashSet(Collection<? extends E> c)
- HashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor)
- HashSet(int initialCapacity)
この後のメソッドは,内部がHashMap<E, Object>であることを考えれば,容易に想像できるものとなっている。iterator()メソッドはHashMapからkeySet()メソッドでキーのセットを取得してそのiterator()メソッドを呼び出している。size()メソッド,isEmpty()メソッド,clear()メソッド,remove(Object o)メソッドはそのまま内部で要素を保持しているHashMapの同じメソッドを呼び出す。contains(Object o)メソッドもHashMapのcontainsKey(o)メソッドを呼び出しているだけである。
add(E e)メソッドは,要素を保持しているHashMapのput(e, PRESENT)を実行する。PRESENTはダミーのオブジェクトで,final Object PRESENT = new Object()と定義されたprivateなクラス変数である。
このほか,オブジェクトをシリアライズ,デシリアライズするためのメソッドとして,privateなwriteObject(ObjectOutputStream s)メソッドとreadObject(ObjectInputStream s)というメソッドが定義されている。
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package java.util;
import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
public class HashSet<E>
extends AbstractSet<E>
implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
{
static final long serialVersionUID = -5024744406713321676L;
private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;
// Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();
public HashSet() {
map = new HashMap<>();
}
public HashSet(Collection<? extends E> c) {
map = new HashMap<>(Math.max((int) (c.size()/.75f) + 1, 16));
addAll(c);
}
public HashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
map = new HashMap<>(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
}
public HashSet(int initialCapacity) {
map = new HashMap<>(initialCapacity);
}
HashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor, boolean dummy) {
map = new LinkedHashMap<>(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
}
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return map.keySet().iterator();
}
public int size() {
return map.size();
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return map.isEmpty();
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return map.containsKey(o);
}
public boolean add(E e) {
return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return map.remove(o)==PRESENT;
}
public void clear() {
map.clear();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Object clone() {
try {
HashSet<E> newSet = (HashSet<E>) super.clone();
newSet.map = (HashMap<E, Object>) map.clone();
return newSet;
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
throw new InternalError(e);
}
}
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException {
// Write out any hidden serialization magic
s.defaultWriteObject();
// Write out HashMap capacity and load factor
s.writeInt(map.capacity());
s.writeFloat(map.loadFactor());
// Write out size
s.writeInt(map.size());
// Write out all elements in the proper order.
for (E e : map.keySet())
s.writeObject(e);
}
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
// Read in any hidden serialization magic
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read capacity and verify non-negative.
int capacity = s.readInt();
if (capacity < 0) {
throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal capacity: " +
capacity);
}
// Read load factor and verify positive and non NaN.
float loadFactor = s.readFloat();
if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor)) {
throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal load factor: " +
loadFactor);
}
// Read size and verify non-negative.
int size = s.readInt();
if (size < 0) {
throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal size: " +
size);
}
// Set the capacity according to the size and load factor ensuring that
// the HashMap is at least 25% full but clamping to maximum capacity.
capacity = (int) Math.min(size * Math.min(1 / loadFactor, 4.0f),
HashMap.MAXIMUM_CAPACITY);
// Constructing the backing map will lazily create an array when the first element is
// added, so check it before construction. Call HashMap.tableSizeFor to compute the
// actual allocation size. Check Map.Entry[].class since it's the nearest public type to
// what is actually created.
SharedSecrets.getJavaObjectInputStreamAccess()
.checkArray(s, Map.Entry[].class, HashMap.tableSizeFor(capacity));
// Create backing HashMap
map = (((HashSet<?>)this) instanceof LinkedHashSet ?
new LinkedHashMap<>(capacity, loadFactor) :
new HashMap<>(capacity, loadFactor));
// Read in all elements in the proper order.
for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
E e = (E) s.readObject();
map.put(e, PRESENT);
}
}
public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
return new HashMap.KeySpliterator<>(map, 0, -1, 0, 0);
}
}